星点设计-效应面法优化pH值响应及线粒体靶向双功能金丝桃苷脂质体的处方及其体外评价

目的 优化线粒体靶向金丝桃苷脂质体（DLD/Hyp-Lip）制备的最佳处方，并研究研究其在胎牛血清中的稳定性及体外释放行为，考察其线粒体靶向性。方法 采用薄膜分散法制备DLD/Hyp-Lip，以包封率和载药量为考察指标进行单因素实验，考察磷脂总量与金丝桃苷（hyperoside，Hyp）用量比、二硬脂酰磷脂酰乙醇胺-聚乙二醇（DSPE-PEG）与DLD用量比等条件对DLD/Hyp-Lip的影响，结合星点设计-效应面法优化DLD/Hyp-Lip处方。使用透射电子显微镜和粒径仪观察测定脂质体粒子外观、平均粒径和Zeta电位，采用血清稳定性实验和体外释药、线粒体靶向性对该载药系统进行评价。结果 DLD/Hyp-Lip最佳处方为磷脂总量和金丝桃苷用量比为12.50：1，磷脂总量与胆固醇用量比为6.00：1，DSPE-PEG与DLD用量比为3：5；测得金丝桃苷包封率为（95.57±0.56）%，载药量为（8.55±0.57）%。所制备的DLD/Hyp-Lip外观良好，平均粒径为（124.9±3.4）nm，Zeta电位为（-6.2±1.9）mV；在胎牛血清中性状稳定，在体外释放介质中24 h累积释放量达到40%。线粒体靶向实验表明DLD/Hyp-Lip可以促进药物聚集在线粒体部位。结论 采用此方法能够精准有效的优化DLD/Hyp-Lip的制备工艺，该方法操作简单方便，可以用于DLD/Hyp-Lip制备与处方的优化，制备的DLD/Hyp-Lip包封率高，粒径小，分布均匀，且具有良好的缓释作用，为DLD/Hyp-Lip的进一步体内研究奠定了基础。载金丝桃苷的DLD/Hyp-Lip具有良好的肝癌细胞线粒体靶向性，是一种潜在高效的肝癌细胞线粒体靶向给药系统。     

Right ventricular outflow tract obstruction caused by a right coronary cusp prolapse: An unusual finding

Patients with large sub-pulmonic ventricular septal defect (VSD) present early as a results of their complications. Some present late, due to the restriction of VSD by the right coronary cusp (RCC) due to its prolapse. In this report, we present a rare case of sub-pulmonic VSD in a 33-year-old man who developed a sub-pulmonic stenosis due to the prolapse of the RCC into the right ventricular outflow tract.     

基于数据挖掘的吕英教授治疗自闭症语言障碍的用药规律分析＊

目的 基于中医传承辅助平台软件（TCMISS，V2.5）对吕英教授治疗自闭症语言障碍的处方进行数据挖掘，探索其病因病机及组方规律。方法 收集吕英教授治疗自闭症语言障碍的医案，将其方药信息录入TCMISS，借助该平台集成的关联规则、改进互信息法、复杂系统熵聚类法、无监督熵层次聚类法等分析方法探索吕英教授治疗自闭症语言障碍的药物组方规律。结果 共筛选出120个医案，包含处方共120首，涉及中药89味，其中使用频次前6味中药为桂枝、鸡蛋花、白术、泽泻、石膏、桔梗，药性以寒、温为主，药味以甘、苦居多，归经多属肺、脾、肝经。通过关联规则分析所得的用药模式中，使用频次最高的为桂枝与鸡蛋花、桂枝与泽泻、白术与桂枝，进一步分析得到的核心药物为泽泻、桂枝、白术，为五苓散的药物组成，并基于复杂熵聚类方法演化出6首新处方。结论 吕英教授治疗自闭症语言障碍以阳明“气血津”不足和三焦气化功能失常为主要病机线路，清解阳明伏火、加强阳明本体液津血的生化化生及恢复三焦气化功能正常为主要治法，其核心代表方剂为木防己汤和五苓散。     

《世医得效方》之洗方荆叶散特色及医案分析

从方药特色研究危亦林《世医得效方》之洗方荆叶散药物组成、方剂配伍及使用方法特色,从典型病案探讨荆叶散临床特色功效,得出洗方荆叶散能够活血化瘀,行气止痛,消肿利水,主治一切骨折筋伤导致的瘀血疼痛。提示洗方荆叶散疗效确切、使用简便、安全无不良反应,具有很好的推广应用价值。     

中药方与硝酸咪康唑栓治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的效果

目的中药组方联合硝酸咪康唑栓治疗复发性霉菌性阴道炎的临床观察。方法在2018年8月-2019年2月期间选择因复发性霉菌性阴道炎就诊于本科室的86例患者进行研究。以抽签方式将患者分为两组,每组患者43例。对比组采用西医传统常规治疗方式,即为硝酸咪康唑栓治疗。试验组采用中药组方与硝酸咪康唑栓治疗联合治疗方式,中药组方采用了我科室自拟经验方。分析两组最终治疗效果。结果试验组治疗有效率为97.67%高于对照组的76.74%,两组差异有统计学意义,χ²=8.443 6,P=0.003 6。结论复发性霉菌性阴道炎治疗中,中药组方与硝酸咪康唑栓联合治疗方式可以作为首选的治疗方案,此方式应用价值明显高于单独硝酸咪康唑栓治疗方案,可见此治疗方式有一定的治疗效果,值得临床应用。     

Double S-Curve Versus Cusp-Overlap Technique: Defining the Optimal Fluoroscopic Projection for TAVR With a Self-Expanding Device

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to assess the concordance between transcatheter aortic valve implantation angles generated by the “double S-curve” and “cusp-overlap” techniques.BackgroundThe “double S-curve” and “cusp-overlap” methods aim to define optimal fluoroscopic projections for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with a self-expandable device.MethodsThe study included 100 consecutive patients undergoing TAVR with self-expanding device planned by multidetector computed tomography. TAVR was performed using the double S-curve model, as a view in which both the aortic valve annulus and delivery catheter planes are displayed perpendicularly on fluoroscopy. Optimal projection according to the cusp-overlap technique was retrospectively generated by overlapping the right and left cups on the multidetector computed tomography annular plane. The angular difference between methods was assessed in spherical 3 dimensions and on the left and right anterior oblique (RAO) and cranial and caudal (CAU) axes.ResultsThe double S-curve and cusp-overlap methods provided views located in the same quadrant, mostly the RAO and CAU, in 92% of patients with a median 3-dimensional angular difference of 10.0° (interquartile range: 5.5° to 17.9°). The 3-dimensional deviation between the average angulation obtained by each method was not statistically significant (1.49°; p = 0.349). No significant differences in average coordinates were noted between the double S-curve and cusp-overlap methods (RAO: 14.7 ± 15.2 vs. 12.9 ± 12.5; p = 0.36; and CAU: 27.0 ± 9.4 vs. 26.9 ± 10.4; p = 0.90). TAVR using the double S-curve was associated with 98% device success, low complication rate, and absence of moderate-to-severe paravalvular leak.ConclusionsThe double S-curve and cusp-overlap methods provide comparable TAVR projections, mostly RAO and CAU. TAVR using the double S-curve model is associated with a high rate of device success and low rate of procedural complications.